Diabetes is a chronic condition that affects how your body processes blood sugar (glucose). It occurs when your body doesn’t produce enough insulin or cannot use it effectively.
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FAQs
- Type 1 Diabetes – An autoimmune condition where the body attacks insulin-producing beta cells. Requires lifelong insulin therapy.
- Type 2 Diabetes – The most common type, characterized by insulin resistance and high blood sugar levels. Managed with lifestyle changes, medication, or insulin.
- Gestational Diabetes – Occurs during pregnancy and usually resolves after childbirth but increases the risk of Type 2 diabetes later.
- Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) – A genetic form of diabetes caused by mutations in a single gene. Often misdiagnosed as Type 1 or Type 2.
- Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus (NDM) – A rare form of diabetes occurring in newborns, usually due to genetic mutations affecting insulin production.
- Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) – A slow-progressing form of Type 1 diabetes in adults, often mistaken for Type 2 initially.
- Cystic Fibrosis-Related Diabetes (CFRD) – Occurs in people with cystic fibrosis due to damage to the pancreas.
- Wolfram Syndrome (DIDMOAD) – A rare genetic disorder causing diabetes, optic nerve atrophy, and hearing loss.
- Alström Syndrome – A genetic condition leading to Type 2-like diabetes, vision and hearing loss, and heart problems.
- Steroid-Induced Diabetes – Triggered by prolonged steroid use, leading to insulin resistance and high blood sugar.
- Post-Transplant Diabetes Mellitus (PTDM) – Occurs after organ transplantation due to immunosuppressive drugs.
- Frequent urination (Polyuria) – Increased need to urinate, especially at night.
- Excessive thirst (Polydipsia) – Constant feeling of thirst, even after drinking water.
- Extreme hunger (Polyphagia) – Increased appetite despite eating regularly.
- Unexplained weight loss – More common in Type 1 diabetes due to the body breaking down fat and muscle for energy.
- Fatigue – Feeling tired or weak due to improper glucose utilization.
- Blurred vision – High blood sugar can affect eye lenses, causing temporary vision problems.
- Slow-healing wounds – Cuts and sores take longer to heal due to poor circulation and nerve damage.
- Frequent infections – Increased risk of skin, urinary tract, or fungal infections.
- Tingling or numbness in hands and feet – A sign of nerve damage (diabetic neuropathy).
- Dark patches on the skin (Acanthosis Nigricans) – Often around the neck, armpits, or groin, indicating insulin resistance.
Diabetes is diagnosed through blood tests such as:
- Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) – Measures glucose levels after an overnight fast.
- HbA1c Test – Reflects average blood sugar over three months.
- Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) – Assesses how the body processes sugar.
- Fasting: Below 100 mg/dL
- After meals (Postprandial): Below 140 mg/dL
- HbA1c: Below 5.7%
- Diet & Nutrition: Eat a balanced diet with whole grains, lean proteins, and fiber-rich foods.
- Exercise: Regular physical activity helps regulate blood sugar levels.
- Medication & Insulin: Depending on diabetes type, medications or insulin therapy may be required.
- Personalized Diabetes Management Plans
- Advanced Insulin Therapy & Pump Treatment
- Diabetes Reversal Programs
- Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM)
- Complication Screening & Prevention
Trusted diabetes care at
Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre
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