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Pregnancy Gestational Diabetes

Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre

Understanding Diabetes in Pregnancy - Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) only happens during pregnancy. It means you have high blood sugar levels, but those levels were normal before you were pregnant. GDM is caused by the pancreas not being able to produce enough insulin to account for the increased requirement of insulin during pregnancy.

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Risk Factors

Women with any of the following characteristics are at increased risk of being diagnosed with gestational diabetes, compared to women without any of these characteristics:

  • Family history of diabetes
  • History of unexplained prenatal loss [death of baby from 7 Months of pregnancy to few days after birth
  • History of having given birth previously to a very large infant, a stillborn child, or a child with a birth defect
  • Obesity or overweight
  • Having too much amniotic fluid (polyhydramnios)
  • Women over 25 years of age
  • Hypertension
  • Sedentary lifestyle
  • HDL Cholesterol less than 35 mg/dl
  • History of polycystic ovarian syndrome

How to Manage GDM

Management of diabetes patient pregnancies (if diagnosis is known before the pregnancy) should ideally begin before conception and requires a close collaboration between obstetricians and diabetologists. Assessment and management of associated disorders such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and chronic hypertension are required. In the case of GDM, the traditional management approaches include a combination of diet, exercise, intensive insulin regimens and home blood glucose determinations.

Specific treatment should be determined by a physician based on:
Age, overall health, and medical history

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